Abacavir Hypersensitivity Reaction

Abacavir hypersensitivity reaction.

A hypersensitivity reaction occurs in association with initiation of abacavir therapy as part of combination antiretroviral therapy in approximately 3.7% of patients. The reaction is possibly the result of a combination of altered drug metabolism and immune dysfunction, which is poorly understood. White patients appear to be at higher risk and patients of African descent at lower risk of abacav...

Cytokine profiling in abacavir hypersensitivity patients.

BACKGROUND Abacavir hypersensitivity in genetically susceptible individuals implicates an abacavir-specific T-cell response to either the parent drug or a metabolite generated in vivo. We have analysed the cytokine profile in antigen-presenting cells and the T-lymphocytes that are involved in the pathological immune response to abacavir. METHODS In this study, we compared abacavir-specific cy...

The HCP5 single-nucleotide polymorphism: a simple screening tool for prediction of hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir.

The HLA-B 5701 allele is predictive of hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir, a response herein termed "ABC-HSR." This study of 1,103 individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus assessed the usefulness of genotyping a HCP5 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs2395029, in relation to ABC-HSR. In populations with European ancestry, rs2395029 is in linkage disequilibrium with HLA-B 5...

Genetic screening to prevent abacavir hypersensitivity reaction: are we there yet?

HLA-B*5701 testing to predict abacavir hypersensitivity

Abacavir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used for combination antiretroviral therapy for treating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. An adverse effect from abacavir is a treatment-limiting hypersensitivity reaction, which can be severe and potentially life-threatening. Abacavir-induced hypersensitivity reaction has been associated with the presence of the major histoc...